Historic preservation is one of the core courses in the Historic Preservation Certificate program, as well as a graduate course in the Department of Anthropology. This class is intended to serve both programs, i.e., those who are anthropologists or archaeologists and those who are completing the requirements for the Certificate. This course will include extensive readings, but is no longer exclusively focused, on the statutes and regulations which pertain to historic preservation at both the state and federal levels. Additionally, this course will take up the issues and challenges posed by historic preservation today. In that sense, I want this seminar to take on the status quo, a feature which is sometimes unsettling to students. These topics will be integrated into the presentation of the statutes and regulations. The focus of the class, however, will be both conceptual and substantive. It will not be a case study course although for those who wish to include a case study approach, you may do so via the paper option. The course is designed to promote historic preservation as a distinct specialization by combining the perspectives offered by several allied fields, including law, anthropology, archaeology, history, Hawaiian studies, urban and regional planning, economics, american studies, and political science. Both professional archaeologists (and many anthropologists) and those with a professional or personal interest in historic preservation can benefit from an in-depth and intensive emersion into the law and its application to this area in the United States. At the same time, this is not a law course and we can learn from the various perspectives which provide distinct approaches to historic properties. Although most laws apply equally to archaeological and historical properties, I am trained as an archaeologists and thus many (but not all) of the cases and examples we will discuss in class with focus on native Hawaiian and Native American archaeological properties. This course is taught as a seminar, in which lectures that I lead will alternate with discussions where all are expected to participate. For those not able to or wishing to participate in class, email is an acceptable alternate. There are 14 weeks of this semester that this class will meet. Each of these weeks is assigned a topic or exercise. The topics are presented in an order which is both historical and developmental in terms of historic preservation. Each topic is associated with a set of readings. These readings are listed on the pages following the schedule of topics. The full bibliography of the readings is provided at the end of this syllabus. Readings are separated into two kinds: 1. Laws and regulations, and 2. More academic or informative articles, chapters from books, manuscripts, technical reports, and books. All readings for a given week should have been completed by the time we meet that week, since they will form the basis for our presentation and discussion. I have also assigned three textbooks for this class: Federal Planning and Historic Places: The Section 106 Process by Thomas King, Cultural Resources Archaeology by Thomas Neumann and Robert Sanford, and Cultural Resource Laws and Practice: An Introductory Guide by Thomas King. You should have read them by January 28th. The laws and statutes for both the federal government and the state of Hawai'i which I have listed in the readings are available for xeroxing. Also consult the list of Web Sites from Cultural Resource Laws and Practice, pp. 259-260. Alternatively, you can find copies of all of these materials in the federal and state documents sections of the University (Hamilton) and main state libraries. The other readings are all from materials that should be available in the libraries as well. All of the federal and state statutes and regulations are required reading for the course. The other materials are separated into required and optional but recommended readings. I will have the readings and laws and statutes put on file in the Department of Anthropology main office (Saunders Hall, Room 346) where you are free to xerox them. The bibliography will list more readings than are on the reading list; think of it as a resource for your future use. There are probably others materials, not listed, that you would do well to identify and read. I always appreciate having new materials brought to my attention and I can then add them to future reading lists for the class. I encourage you to get an early start on the reading because there is a substantial amount of it and I expect you to come to class prepared. We meet only once a week for two and one-half hours. I will break each meeting into two sections. The first portion I will lecture or talk about the topic for that week, and then we will take a 10 minute break. The second half of most meetings will include more analysis and discussion of the topic and readings for that week. I hope all students will participate in this final portion of the class meeting. I will be inviting different individuals to join us for particular topics during the semester to provide a short presentation about their work or research in historic preservation or just to join in the discussion on a particular topic. I am in the process of putting the syllabus and most of my lecture notes on my UHM web page. I will let you know when they are available. As this is a seminar, I expect participation by all students. It may take the form of questions, comments, identifying resources (including other readings), discussion about the issues, all of which can take place at the class meeting time or outside of it. You may earn up to 50 points through class participation. There is a take home midterm exam which will be handed out after class on February 25th and which is due at the start of class on March 4th. That gives each of you one week to complete the midterm. There will be two possible midterm exams you can completed: the first is a small library project which will result in a 10 page paper; the second is a standard set of essay questions that you answer to the best of your ability drawing on whatever resources are at your disposal. A maximum of 125 points will be possible on the midterm. The second major assignment for the class is a research paper. The topic is relatively open but should be linked to the some aspect of this class; it should not be a paper that you do for another class this semester. Topics for the research paper must be cleared with me by February 25th. The paper is due May 13th. I will provide you with information on the format for the paper and beginning March 11th, I will remind you that the paper should be completed in stages and I will ask you to show me the work you have done on your paper to date. While not graded, this is designed to improve the quality of the paper by getting students started early (not late) in the semester. The research paper is worth a total of 125 points towards your final grade. The last meeting of the class will include short (15 minute) presentations on your research papers. Borderline grades will likely be affected by class participation (i.e., the more you involve yourself in what goes on in the class the more likely you would be to move up a grade) as the 50 possible points are worth ca. 17% of your total grade.
Week Meets Topic 1 Jan 14 Introduction to the course, requirements, organization, and background, philosophy and approach, and history of historic preservation Meeting Readings (required readings are underlined and include all statutes and regulations plus a number of other shorter reading; refer to bibliography for full citation) Jan 14 No reading
1. Historic Preservation: Chapter 6E; Part 1 Historic Preservation Program; Part 2 Monuments and Memorials (on the web at http://www.hawaii.gov/dlnr/hpd/hpfctsht.htm scroll down to Chapter 6-E link) Historic Preservation Bibliography *are required reading
Aubry, Michele C. 1990 Final curatorial regulation. Federal Archeology Report 3(l):1,36. *Ayau, Edward Halealoha 1995 Rooted in native soil. Federal Archaeology 7(3):30-33. Barnes, Mark R. 1981 Preservation of archaeological sites through acquisition. American Antiquity 46:610-618. Butler, William B. 1987 Significance and other frustrations in the CRM process. American Antiquity 52:820-829. Butowsky, Harry 1989 Making technological facilities NHLS. CRM Bulletin 12(6):1-4. *Cachola-Abad, C. Kahaunani 1996 The significance of heiau diversity in site evaluations. CRM 19(8):11-16 Canouts, Veletta 1977 Problem domains in the Santa Rosa Wash Project, Arizona. In Conservation Archaeology, edited by M. Schiffer and G. Gumerman, pp. 135-143. Academic Press, New York. Carrell, Toni 1989 Human remains and shipwreck sites: A management issue in the National Parks. CRM Bulletin 12(4):16-17. *Childs, S. Terry 1995 The curation crisis. Federal Archeology 7(4):11-15 Crespi, Muriel 1990 Humanizing resources management: Ethnographic resources. Federal Archeology Report 3(3):1-3. Davis, Hester A. 1982 Professionalism in archaeology. American Antiquity 47:158-163. Delgado, James P. (Editor) 1989 Difficult choices and hard-won successes in maritime preservation. CRM Bulletin 12(4):1-15. *Dongoske, Kurt E., Leigh Jenkins, and T. J. Ferguson 1994 Issues relating to the use and preservation of Hopi sacred sites. Historic Preservation Forum 8(2):12-14. Dunbar, Helene R. 1997 Determining significance: Hawai'i’s Ala Kahakai. CRM 20(1):8-11 *Dunnell, R. C. 1984 The ethics of archaeological significance decisions. In Ethics and Values in Archaeology, ed. E. L. Green, pp. 62-74. The Free Press, New York. *Fisher, Charles E. 1997 Historic preservation tax incentives program: The first 20 years. CRM 20(6):5-7. Fowler, Don D. 1982 Cultural resources management. In Advances to Archaeological Method and Theory, Volume 5, edited by M. B. Schiffer, pp. 1-50. Academic Press, New York. *Fowler, Don D., and Douglas R. Givens 1992 Preserving the archaeological record. In Preserving the Anthropological Record, ed. S. Silverman and N. Parezo, pp. 14-28. Wenner Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research, New York. Galbraith, J. K. 1980 The economic and social returns of preservation. In Preservation: Toward an Ethic in the 1980s, pp. 57-62. National Trust for Historic Preservation, The Preservation Press. Garrett, Billy G. 1990 Historic structure reports: A redefinition. CRM Bulletin 13(4):18. *Glassow, Michael A. 1977 Issues in evaluating the significance of archaeological resources. .American Antiquity 42:551-553. Goldberger, P. 1980 Architecture and preservation. In Preservation: Toward an Ethic in the 1980s, pp. 176-181. National Trust for Historic Preservation, The Preservation Press. *Goldstein, Lynne and Keith Kintigh 1990 Ethics and the reburial controversy. American Antiquity 55:585591. Goodyear, Albert C. 1977 Research design in highway archaeology: An example from South Carolina. In Conservation Archaeology, edited by M. Schiffer and G. Gumerman, pp. 157-165. Academic Press, New York. *Goodyear, Albert C., L. Mark Raab, and Timothy C. Klinger 1978 The status of archaeological research design in cultural resource management. American Antiquity 43:159-173. *Graves, Michael W. 1996 Historic preservation in Hawai'i: An archeological perspective. CRM 19(8):8-10. Hardesty, Donald L. 1988 Evaluating site significance in historical mining districts. Historical Archaeologv 24:42-54 Henderson, A. G. 1989 The Kentucky Archaeological Registry: Landowner Participation in Site Preservation. Archeological Assistance Program Technical Brief, 6. Washington, D.C. Hester, Thomas R. 1981 CRM publication: dealing with reality. Journal of Field Archaeology 8:492-496. Hickman, Patricia P. 1977 Problems of significance: Two case studies of historical sites. In Conservation Archaeologv, edited by M. Schiffer and G. Gumerman, pp. 269-275. Academic Press, New York. *Hoffman, Teresa. L. 1994 Public archaeology as constituency building in historic preservation. Historic Preservation Forum 8(2):21-26. Hoffman, T. L., and S. Lerner 1988 Arizona Archaeology Week: Promoting the Past to the Public. Archeological Assistance Program Technical Brief, 2. Washington, D.C. Holt, H. Barry 1983 A cultural resource management dilemma: Anasazi ruins and the Navajos. American Antiquity 48:594-599. *Infante, Rosemary 1997 Preserving the icons of American architecture. CRM 20(6):23-25. King, Thomas F. 1982 Challenges and controversies in the protection of archaeological resources. Journal of Field Archaeology 9:389-395. Klesert, Anthony L., and Michael J. Andrews 1988 The treatment of human remains on Navajo lands. American Antiquity 53:310-320. *Klesert, A. L., and S. Powell 1993 A perspective on ethics and the reburial controversy. American Antiquity 58:348-354. *Knudson, Ruthann 1982 Basic principles of archaeological resource management. American Antiquity 47:163-166. Lees, William B., and Vergil E. Noble (eds.) 1988 Methodological approaches to assessing the archaeological significance of historic sites. Historical Archaeology 22:9-54. Liebow, Edward 1990 Social impact assessment. Federal Archeology Report 3(3):l, 3-4. Limp, W. Frederick, and Jerome C. Rose 1986 The relocation of the historic cemetery at Cedar Grove. Journal of Field Archaeology 13:339-342. Lipe, William D. *1977 A conservation model for American archaeology. Conservation Archaeology, edited by M.B. Schiffer and G. Gumerman, pp.19-42. Academic Press, New York. *Longacre, William A. 1981 CRM publication: A review essay. Journal of Field Archaeology 8:487-491. *Marquardt, William H., Anta Montet-White, and Sandra C. Scholtz 1982 Resolving the crisis in archaeological collections curation. American Antiquity 47:409-418- *McGuire, R. H. 1992 Archeology and the first Americans. American Anthropology94:816-836. *McKeown, C. Timothy 1995 Inside the act. Federal Archaeology 7(3):13-17. McManamon, Francis P. 1988 A regional perspective in assessing the significance of historic period sites. Historical Archaeology 24:14-22. Meighan, C. W. 1992 Some scholars' views on reburial. American Antiquity 57:704-710. Miller, Hugh C. 1987 Preserving landscapes. CRM Bulletin 10(6):1-3. *Munson, C.A., M.M. Jones, and R.E. Fry 1995 The GE Mound: An ARPA case study. American Antiquity 60:131-160. *Neller, Earl 1986 The conservation of archaeological resources in Hawai'i. New Zealand Archaeological Association Newsletter 29:109-119. Newsom, M. D. 1983 Blacks and historic preservation. In Readings in Historic Preservation: Why? What? and How? ed. N. Williams et al., pp. 292-295. Center for Urban Policy Research. Rutgers University. *Park, Sharon C., and Susan M. Escherich 1996 Affordable housing and historic preservation. CRM 20(6): 20-23. Powell, Shirley, Peter P. Andrews, Deborah L. Nichols, and F. E. Smiley 1983 Fifteen years on the rock: Archaeological research, administration, and compliance on Black Mesa, Arizona. American Antiquity 48:228-252. *Prueher, Brooks 1997 Historic buildings for affordable housing. CRM 20(6):7-10. Raab, L. Mark 1977 The Santa Rosa Wash Project: Notes on archaeological research design under contract. In Conservation Archaeoloqv, edited by M.B. Schiffer and G. Gumerman, pp. 167-182. Academic Press, New York. *Raab, L. Mark, Michael B. Schiffer, Timothy C. Klinger, and Albert C. Goodyear 1980 Clients, contracts, and profits: Conflicts in public archaeology. American Anthropologist 82:539-551. Riznik, Barnes 1989 Hanalei Bridge: A catalyst for rural preservation. The Public Historian 11:37-58. *Schiffer, Michael B., and John H. House 1977 An approach to assessing scientific significance. In Conservation Archaeology, edited by M.B. Schiffer and G. Gumerman, pp. 249-257. Academic Press, New York. Shull, Carol D. 1987 The National Register after 20 years. CRM Bulletin 10(3):1-5,14 . Smith, Samuel D. 1988 Site survey as a method for determining historic site significance. .Historical Archaeologv 22:34-41. *Sonderman, Robert C. 1996 Primal fear: Deaccessioning collections. Common Ground 1(2):27-29. *Spriggs, Matthew 1991 Facing the nation: Archaeologists and Hawaiians in the era of sovereignty. The Contemporary Pacific 3:379-392. Suagee, Dean B., and Karen J. Funk 1990 Reconfiguring the cultural mission: Tribal historic preservation programs. CRM Bulletin 13(4):21-23. *Tainter, Joseph A., and G. John Lucas 1983 Epistemology of the significance concept. American Antiquity 48:707-719. Wilson, John S. 1988 We've got thousands of these! What makes an historic farmstead significant. Historical Archaeology 22:23-33. *Zander, Caroline M. 1996 The Antiquities Act--Regulating salvage of historic shipwrecks. CRM 19(7):28-32. Blatti, Jo (editor) 1987 Past Meets Present: Essays About Historic Preservation and Public Audiences. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C. *Cachola-Abad, C. K. 1991 Why Hawaiians Should Have a More Powerful Role in the Historic Preservation Process. Manuscript on file, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu. Callies, D. L. 1984 Regulating Paradise: Land Use Controls in Hawaii. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu. Chapman, William (Issue editor) 1996a "Historic Preservation in Hawai'i" CRM 19(8):3-68. DeGraff, Leonard (Issue Editor) 1997 "CRM and the History of Science and Technology" CRM 20(14):3-40. *Delgado, James P. (And others) n.d. Nominating Historic Vessels and Shipwrecks to the National Register of Historic Places. National Register Bulletin, No. 20. U.S. Interagency Resources Division, National Park Service, Department of Interior, Washington, D.C. Derry, Anne, H. Ward Jandl, Carol D. Shull, and Jan Thorman 1977 Guidelines for Local Surveys: A Basis for Preservation Planning National Register Bulletin, 24. National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C. Elkinton, Steve (Issue editor) 1997 "The National Trails System." CRM 20(1):1-54. Erkelens, Conrad 1991 The Public and Preservation: People Power in the Preservation Process. Manuscript on file, University of Hawaii. Honolulu. Escherich, Susan (Issue Editor) 1997 "National Historic Landmarks Assistance Initiative." CRM 20(9):3-46. General Accounting Office 1988 Cultural Resources: Implementation of Federal Historic Preservation Program Can Be Improved. Washington, D.C. Gossett, Tanya M. (Issue editor) 1997 "Altogether Fitting and Proper: Saving America’s Battlefields." CRM 20(5):3-48. Greenberg, Ronald M. 1996 CRM 19(9). (Contains articles on The automobile landscape and HABS/HAER) Graves, M. W., and C. K. Cachola-Abad 1993 Preservation of Historical Resources on Kaho'olawe: Responsibilities, Natural and Cultural Impacts and Priorities. Kaho'olawe Island Conveyance Commission Consultant Report, 7. Honolulu. Hardesty, Donald L. And Barbara J. Little 2000Assessing Site Significance: A Guide for Archaeologists and Historians. Alta Mira Press, Walnut Creek, CA. Interagency Resources Division, National Park Service 1986 Guidelines for Completing National Register of Historic Places Forms. (revised) National Register Bulletin, 16. Washington, D.C. Isar, Yudghishthir Raj (Editor) 1986 The Challenge to Our Cultural Heritage: Why Preserve the Past? Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C. Kerber, Jordan E. (Editor) 1994 Cultural Resource Management: Archaeological Research, Preservation Planning, and Public Education in the Northeastern United States. Bergin and Garvey, Westport, Connecticut. King, Thomas F., Patricia P. Hickman, and Gary Berg 1977 Anthropology in Historic Preservation: Caring for Culture's Clutter Academic Press, New York. Lee, Antoinette J. (Issue editor) 1997 "The Federal Historic Preservation Tax Incentives." CRM 20(6):3-35. Lee, Antoinette J., and David M. Banks (Issue editors) 1996 "A Model Partnership: 30th Anniversary of the National Historic Preservation Act." CRM 19(6)2-47. Lynott, Mark J., and Alison Wylie (Editors) 1995 Ethics in American Archaeology: Challenges for the 1990s. Society for American Archaeology, Washington, D.C. Ma'a, Thalia Lani 1988 Kanawai Mau Mo'olelo: Laws of Historic Preservation in Hawai'i. Office of Hawaiian Affairs. Honolulu. Magne, Martin (Issue Editor) 1997 "Parks Canada." CRM 20(4):3-62. National Park Service 1995 How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation. National Register Bulletin 15 National Park Service. Washington D.C. (http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/bulletins/) National Trust for Historic Preservation 1980 Preservation: Toward an Ethic in the 1980s. The Preservation Press, Washington, D.C. Native Hawaiian Historic Preservation Task Force 1991 Legislative Report, As Requested by HCR 136. Office of Hawaiian Affairs, Honolulu. Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation 1977 How to Complete National Register Forms. National Park Service, Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C. Parker, Patricia L., and Thomas F. King 1989 Guidelines for Evaluating and Documenting Traditional Cultural Properties. National Register Bulletin, 38. Washington, D.C. *Rothman, H. 1989 Preserving Different Pasts: The American National Monuments. University of Illinois Press, Urbana and Chicago. Schiffer, Michael B., and George J. Gumerman (Editors) 1977 Conservation Archaeology: A Guide for Cultural Resource Management Studies Academic Press, New York. Society for American Archaeology 1995 Save the Past for the Future II: Report of the Working Conference. Society for American Archaeology, Washington, D.C. |